Forebrain
Cerebrum/Telencephalon:
Fundamentals:
- No sensory receptors for pain in the cerebrum
Function/Purpose:
- responsible for highest level functioning in the NS
- F1 - conscious thought, intelligence and reason
- F2 - memory storage and processing
- F3 - sub/conscious regulation of skeletal muscle contractions
- F4 - discriminates pain and other tactile stimuli
Anatomy of Cerebrum (Hemispheres)
- Right
- Left
- Corpus Callosum
- Anterior Commissure
- Longitudinal fissure - separates the first two ventricles
Landmarks/Components/Anatomy
- Frontal - voluntary motor control of skeletal muscles,
personality, higher intellectual process (concentration, decision
making, verbal communiation)
- Parietal - somatesthetic interpretation, understanding speech
and formulating words to express thoughts and emotions, interpretations
of textures and shape
- Temporal - interpretation of auditory sensations, storage of auditory and visual experience
- Amygdala - located in the temporal lobe
- F1 - involved in memory, emotion and fear
- Just beneath the surface of the front medial part of the temporal lobe (uncus) - limbic system
- Hippocampus - located in the temporal lobe
- Basal medial part of the temporal lobe
- F1 - learning and memory for converting STM to more LTM
- F2 - recalling spatial relationships in the world about us
- Occipital - integration of movements in focusing the eye
- Central Sulcus
- Anterior is the motor cortex
- Posterior is the sensory/somatic cortex
- Insula - memory, integration of other cerebral activities
- Deep lobe of the cerebrum that cannot be viewed on the surface
Concepts:
Electroencephalogram:
- Alpha Waves - relaxed awake but eyes are closed - occipital
- Beta Waves - experiencing visual and mental activity - precentral gyrus
- Theta Waves - relaxed awake, but emotional stress or nervous breakdown- temporal and occipital
- Delta Waves - asleep - central/ awake - brain damage
Homunculus: (Wilder Penfield) - a schematic model of a human being mapped out on the sensory cortex
- Largest number of cortical neurons found in the sensory cortex register sensation in the fingers, hands, lips and toungue
- Largest number of motor cortex control individual movement of the fingers, hands, and speech
- Premotor Cortex: controlls by an area just anterior to the motor cortex (association area)
- F - plan specific movements that motor cortex executes
Terminology:
- Central Sulcus: separates frontal and parietal lobes
Links:
